The tribe is governed by a democratically elected board of tribal council members. The Cowlitz Indian Tribe is headquartered in Longview, Washington.
The 152-acre (62 ha) reservation is located near Ridgefield, in Clark County, Washington. The Cowlitz Reservation was established in 2010. Other Cowlitz people are enrolled in the Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation, Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakima Nation, and Quinault Indian Nation. They are a tribe of Southwestern Coast Salish and Sahaptan indigenous people of the Pacific Northwest located in Washington. The Cowlitz Indian Tribe is a federally recognized tribe of Cowlitz people.